新概念英语第一册Lesson 141 Sally's first train ride
英语世界 来源： 作者： 发布时间：2007-12-12
[语法]
被动语态
英语动词有主动语态和被动语态之分。在主动句中，动词的主语是执行动作的人或物。在被动句中，主语是动作的承受者。
英语中表达感情的动词通常可用于被动式，这些动词如amuse，embarrass，worry，surprise，interest，upset等。
被动语态的构成：be+过去分词
过去分词不一定指过去，时态与be动词有关：
一般现在时：主+am/is/are+动词的过去分词
The car is repaired by my brother regularly.
一般过去时：主+was/were+动词的过去分词
She was dressed in red.
现在进行时：主+am/is/are+being+动词过去分词
The car is being repaired by them.
现在完成时：主+have/has+been+动词过去分词
The house has been built by them.
一般将来时：主+will+be+动词原形
The thief will be caught by the policeman soon.
过去进行时：主+was/were+being+动词的过去分词
The house was being built by them at this time last year.
过去完成时：主+had+been+动词过去分词
They project had been finished by the end of last year.
情态动词：情态动词+be+动词过去式
The work must be finished before five o’clock.
英语中表达感情的动词通常可用于被动式，这些动词如amuse，embarras，worry，surprise，interest，upset等。
She is embarrassed.
They were worried.
[课文]
Last week, my four-year-old daughter, Sally, was invited to a children's party. I decided to take her by train. Sally was very excited because she had never travelled on a train before. She sat near the window and asked questions about everything she saw. Suddenly, a middle-age lady got on the train and sat opposite Sally. 'Hello, little girl,' she said. Sally did not answer, but looked at her curiously. The lady was dressed in a blue coat and a large, funny hat. After the train had left the station, the lady opened her handbag and took to her power compact. She then began to make up her face. 'Why are you doing that?' Sally asked. 'To make myself beautiful,' the lady answered. She put away her compact and smiled kindly. 'But you are still ugly,' Sally said. Sally was amused, but I was very embarrassed!
[课文注释]
1、Last week, my four-year-old daughter, Sally, was invited to a children's party.
my four-year-old daughter 我那4岁的女儿
four-year-old是复合形容词，名词用连字符连在一起构成复合形容词。
a thirteen-year-old girl 一个13岁的姑娘
a middle-aged lady 一位中年女士
hand-made 手工制作的
2、She then began to make up her face.
make up 化妆，打扮（指擦胭脂、抹粉）
3、She put away her compact and smiled kindly.
put away 收拾好，储存备用
take out 拿出
